AI Glossary

An AI system with its own persona, instructions, knowledge, and tool connections that takes on a specific task or role. In ChatGPT as a Custom GPT or Project, in Gemini as a Gem, in M365 as a Declarative Agent, in Langdock as an Agent.

Documented proof that employees have completed AI training. Mandatory since February 2, 2025 under Article 4 of the EU AI Act. Workspace analytics in ChatGPT, Copilot, and Gemini provide hour logs as supporting evidence.

OAuth integrations in ChatGPT with external services such as Drive, SharePoint, GitHub, and HubSpot. Named Apps instead of Connectors since December 2025. Let ChatGPT read from and, in part, write to the connected services.

Podcast-style AI dialogue between two speakers about a piece of content. NotebookLM made it go viral in 2024; since 2025 it is also available in the Gemini app and in Copilot Notebooks. Runs 5 to 30 minutes.

Two-column editor next to the chat for long-form content (texts, code, spec documents). Available in ChatGPT and Gemini. Content is edited collaboratively, with AI suggestions inline instead of in the chat.

OpenAI's AI platform. Web chat, mobile apps, native desktop, Edge sidebar, plus its own Atlas browser. Model family GPT-5.x plus the o-Series. Around 800 million weekly users as of 2026.

OpenAI's own browser, launched late 2025. Chromium-based with built-in ChatGPT sidebar and integrated agent mode. Intended to replace Chrome and Edge.

Python sandbox in ChatGPT for data analysis, plot generation, and file conversion. You upload data, ChatGPT writes and runs Python code. Available in Plus, Pro, and workspace plans.

Microsoft's AI layer on top of Microsoft 365. Inline in Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, and Teams, plus web chat, plus Copilot Studio. With an M365 license, full Microsoft Graph grounding.

Collaborative Loop canvas in Microsoft 365 Copilot. Can be created straight from a Copilot answer, enriched with Live Components, and edited by several people in parallel.

Microsoft's full-fledged agent builder. Separate license (200 USD per month for 25,000 messages). Complex multi-step agents with Power Automate flows, custom channels, and custom-engine options.

Preconfigured ChatGPT variant with a name, instructions, knowledge, and conversation starters. The hero feature of 2024, in maintenance mode since mid-2025 in favor of Projects. Still relevant for public sharing via the GPT Store.

Global system prompt that sets persona, tone, and format for all conversations. Available alike in ChatGPT, Copilot, and Gemini. Plain Markdown, portable across tools.

Guarantee of the region in which data is stored and processed. For mid-market companies in the DACH region, usually the EU/EEA. ChatGPT Enterprise, M365 Copilot, and Gemini Enterprise offer EU data residency.

Microsoft's format for M365 Copilot agents. JSON manifest following schema 1.6 with name, description, instructions, conversation starters, capabilities, and actions. Can be created via Agent Builder Lite or Copilot Studio.

Multi-step research agent that searches the web on its own and returns a structured report with citations. Runs 5 to 30 minutes. Available in ChatGPT (Plus and up) and Gemini (AI Pro and up).

EU regulation on artificial intelligence. Article 4 (since February 2, 2025) requires documented proof of training for employees who use AI. Article 5 bans certain AI practices (social scoring, manipulation, predictive policing).

Microsoft's guarantee that EU workspace data is processed and stored in EU data centers. Standard for M365 tenants with an EU address. Exceptions are disclosed transparently in the Microsoft Trust Center.

Soft limit per plan that defines how many prompts are possible in a given time window. ChatGPT, Gemini, and Langdock each have their own fair-usage schemes. Limits change quarterly.

General Data Protection Regulation. Mandates data processing agreements, the right to be forgotten, and data protection impact assessments. Workspace plans (Business and up) of the AI tools cover this in the contract by default.

Gemini's counterpart to Custom GPTs. Preconfigured persona bots with a name, instructions, knowledge files, and public link sharing. Fully shareable since September 2025.

Google's AI platform. Web chat, mobile apps, deep Workspace integration, plus NotebookLM as a sister product. Model family Gemini 3 (as of 2026).

Integration that brings external data into the Microsoft Graph. As of 2026, around 30 pre-built connectors plus custom MCP servers. Permissions of the source system are respected.

Several users in one conversation, with ChatGPT as a participant. Since 2026 in ChatGPT Plus, Pro, and Business. Handy for collaborative brainstorming or live coaching.

Plausible-sounding but factually wrong AI answer. Occurs most often when the model answers outside its knowledge without flagging it. Remedy: source-grounded tools (Deep Research, NotebookLM, Company Knowledge) or an explicit request for sources in the prompt.

Google's image generation model, Imagen 3 as of 2026. Photorealistic images, good text-in-image rendering, multilingual. Usable directly in the Gemini app.

File attached to a bot or agent as a persistent knowledge source. Up to 20 files in Custom GPTs, up to 10 in Gems, via manifest in Declarative Agents. Consulted for every answer the bot gives.

EU-sovereign multi-LLM platform from Berlin. Model-agnostic (GPT, Claude, Gemini, Mistral), GDPR-compliant, EU-hosted. Building blocks: Chat, Skills, Agents, Workflows, Integrations.

Large language model trained on billions of texts. Can generate, translate, summarize, and analyze text on instruction. GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama, and Mistral are the best-known families.

Open standard from Anthropic (late 2024), adopted by OpenAI, Microsoft, and Google in 2025/2026. Enables custom connectors that run in several AI tools. Alternative to vendor-specific plugin APIs.

Persistent user data that a tool references across all conversations. ChatGPT (Saved Memories plus Reference Chat History), Gemini (Saved Info plus Personal Context), Copilot (Memory). A convenience for private power users; use with caution in a workspace context.

Microsoft's API across all M365 data (mail, files, calendar, Teams chats, SharePoint). M365 Copilot draws on the Graph to deliver answers with company context.

Microsoft's compliance platform. Sensitivity labels, DLP rules, and audit logs also apply to Copilot. If a document is classified as "Confidential", that protection carries over into bot answers.

Google's source-grounded research workspace. Up to 300 sources per notebook, Audio Overviews, mind maps, Video Overviews, quizzes. Cross-synced with the Gemini app since April 2026.

OpenAI's reasoning models (o3, o4-mini, etc.). Unlike the GPT family, they spend more time "thinking" and deliver better answers on multi-step problems, at the cost of being slower and more expensive.

Standard procedure that lets a tool access an external service on a user's behalf without knowing the password. Apps and connectors in ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot use OAuth.

Persistent workspace in ChatGPT with its own instructions, files, memory, and connectors. Has replaced Custom GPTs as the default tool for power users. Sharing via link in workspace plans.

Input to an AI tool. A good prompt has four building blocks: goal, context, sources, expectations. Microsoft calls this the GCSE pattern (Goal-Context-Source-Expectations).

Microsoft's catalog of saved prompts for Copilot. Three categories: Suggested (curated), Your Prompts (your own), Teams (shared). Available in Copilot Chat and all Office apps.

Technique in which the model searches for relevant documents before answering and incorporates their content into the answer. Makes answers more factual because they are based on concrete sources. Powers NotebookLM, Company Knowledge, and knowledge files in Custom GPTs/Gems.

Permission model in which rights are assigned via roles rather than individually. Standard for admin distribution in ChatGPT Enterprise, Microsoft 365, and Google Workspace.

Gemini-specific memory variant. Atomic facts that Gemini explicitly stores about you ("My name is Kiki"). Editable under Settings, Personalization, Saved Info.

Time-triggered AI task that runs at set times ("send a summary every Monday at 8 am"). Available in ChatGPT (Tasks), Gemini (Scheduled Actions), and Langdock (Routines).

Standard for automatic user provisioning and deprovisioning. When an employee is deactivated in the identity provider, they immediately lose access to all SCIM-integrated tools. Mandatory in ChatGPT Enterprise, M365 Copilot, and Gemini Enterprise.

Special variant of the Declarative Agent that is automatically scoped to a SharePoint site, library, or set of files. Can be created in two clicks on any SharePoint site.

Reusable workflow as a Markdown file with YAML front matter (name, description, optional allowed-tools). Anthropic standard, since April 2026 also in ChatGPT workspace, Codex, and Langdock. The most portable asset format in the AI world of 2026.

US compliance standard for cloud services (Type I at a point in time, Type II over a period). Standard in ChatGPT Enterprise, M365 Copilot, Gemini Enterprise, and Langdock.

One login for all integrated tools. Standard via SAML or OIDC. ChatGPT Enterprise, M365 Copilot (Microsoft Entra), and Gemini Workspace support SSO with Microsoft Entra, Google, Okta, OneLogin, and others.

Smallest unit LLMs use to process text. A token is usually a word or part of a word (roughly 0.75 words in English). The token count determines API costs and context limits.

Guarantee that your inputs and answers are not used to train the models. Contractually standard in workspace plans (ChatGPT Business and up, M365 Copilot, Gemini Workspace, Langdock). Personal plans usually work on an opt-out basis, but training can be switched off.

Google's video generation model. Veo 2 (in AI Pro) up to 8 seconds, Veo Premium (in AI Ultra) up to 60 seconds. Usable directly in the Gemini app.

Real-time voice conversation. ChatGPT (Standard and Advanced Voice Mode), Gemini (Gemini Live), Copilot. Input by voice, answer as audio. Handy for hands-free consumption.

Multi-step automation with triggers, logic, and actions. Langdock has workflows natively, M365 Copilot via Agent Flows / Power Automate, ChatGPT and Gemini approximately via Skills or Scheduled Actions.

Business tenant environment with its own users, licenses, compliance, and sharing boundaries. ChatGPT Business/Enterprise/Edu, Microsoft 365, Google Workspace, and Langdock each have workspace concepts with different sets of levers.